Ingrid Bergman

Ingrid Bergman (29 Agustus 1915 – 29 Agustus 1982) adalah seorang aktris Swedia yang membintangi berbagai film, film televisi, dan drama Eropa dan Amerika. Dengan karir selama lima dekade, ia sering dianggap sebagai salah satu tokoh layar paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah sinematik. Menurut Ensiklopedia Budaya Populer St. James, setibanya di AS, Bergman dengan cepat menjadi "wanita ideal Amerika" dan pesaing aktris terkemuka terhebat di Hollywood. David O. Selznick pernah memanggilnya "aktris paling teliti" yang pernah bekerja dengannya. Pada tahun 1999, Institut Film Amerika mengakui Bergman sebagai legenda layar wanita terbesar keempat dalam Sinema Hollywood Klasik. Dia memenangkan banyak penghargaan, termasuk tiga Academy Awards, dua Primetime Emmy Awards, satu Tony Award, empat Golden Globe Awards, BAFTA Award, dan satu Volpi Cup. Dia adalah satu dari hanya empat aktris yang menerima setidaknya tiga Academy Awards akting (hanya Katharine Hepburn yang menerima empat). Lahir di Stockholm dari ayah Swedia dan ibu Jerman, Bergman memulai karir aktingnya di film Swedia dan Jerman. Perkenalannya dengan penonton AS muncul dalam pembuatan ulang Intermezzo (1939) berbahasa Inggris. Dikenal karena kecantikannya yang bercahaya alami, ia membintangi Casablanca (1942) sebagai Ilsa Lund, perannya yang paling terkenal, sebagai lawan main Humphrey Bogart. Penampilan penting Bergman pada tahun 1940-an termasuk drama For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943), Gaslight (1944), The Bells of St. Mary's (1945), dan Joan of Arc (1948), yang semuanya mendapatkan nominasinya pada Academy Award untuk Aktris Terbaik; dia menang untuk Gaslight. Dia membuat tiga film dengan Alfred Hitchcock: Spellbound (1945), dengan Gregory Peck, Notorious (1946), berlawanan dengan Cary Grant dan Under Capricorn (1949), bersama Joseph Cotten. Pada tahun 1950, dia membintangi Stromboli karya Roberto Rossellini, dirilis setelah terungkap bahwa dia berselingkuh dengan Rossellini; hal itu dan kehamilannya sebelum pernikahan mereka menimbulkan skandal di AS yang mendorongnya untuk tetap tinggal di Eropa selama beberapa tahun. Selama waktu ini dia membintangi Rossellini's Europa '51 dan Perjalanan ke Italia (1954), yang sekarang mendapat pujian kritis, yang pertama memenangkannya Piala Volpi untuk Aktris Terbaik. Dia sukses kembali bekerja di studio Hollywood di Anastasia (1956), memenangkan Academy Award keduanya untuk Aktris Terbaik. Segera setelah itu, dia ikut membintangi Grant dalam romansa Indiscreet (1958). Pada tahun 1969, ia membintangi film Cactus Flower yang terkenal dan sangat sukses. Pada tahun-tahun berikutnya, Bergman memenangkan Academy Award ketiganya, kali ini untuk Aktris Pendukung Terbaik, untuk perannya dalam Murder on the Orient Express (1974). Pada tahun 1978, ia membintangi Swedish Autumn Sonata karya Ingmar Bergman (tidak ada hubungannya) dan menerima nominasi Aktris Terbaik keenamnya. Bergman berbicara dalam lima bahasa – Swedia, Inggris, Jerman, Italia, dan Prancis – dan berakting dalam masing-masing bahasa. Dalam peran terakhirnya, ia memerankan mendiang Perdana Menteri Israel Golda Meir dalam miniseri televisi A Woman Called Golda (1982) yang secara anumerta ia memenangkan Penghargaan Emmy keduanya untuk Aktris Terbaik. Pada tahun 1974, Bergman mengetahui bahwa dia menderita kanker payudara tetapi terus bekerja hingga sesaat sebelum kematiannya pada ulang tahunnya yang keenam puluh tujuh.

Ingrid Bergman (August 29, 1915 – August 29, 1982) was a Swedish actress who starred in a variety of European and American films, television movies, and plays. With a career spanning five decades, she is often regarded as one of the most influential screen figures in cinematic history. According to the St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture, upon her arrival in the U.S. Bergman quickly became "the ideal of American womanhood" and a contender for Hollywood's greatest leading actress. David O. Selznick once called her "the most completely conscientious actress" he had ever worked with. In 1999, the American Film Institute recognised Bergman as the fourth greatest female screen legend of Classic Hollywood Cinema. She won numerous accolades, including three Academy Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, a Tony Award, four Golden Globe Awards, BAFTA Award and a Volpi Cup. She is one of only four actresses to have received at least three acting Academy Awards (only Katharine Hepburn has four). Born in Stockholm to a Swedish father and a German mother, Bergman began her acting career in Swedish and German films. Her introduction to the U.S. audience came in the English-language remake of Intermezzo (1939). Known for her naturally luminous beauty, she starred in Casablanca (1942) as Ilsa Lund, her most famous role, opposite Humphrey Bogart. Bergman's notable performances in the 1940s include the dramas For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943), Gaslight (1944), The Bells of St. Mary's (1945), and Joan of Arc (1948), all of which earned her nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress; she won for Gaslight. She made three films with Alfred Hitchcock: Spellbound (1945), with Gregory Peck, Notorious (1946), opposite Cary Grant and Under Capricorn (1949), alongside Joseph Cotten. In 1950, she starred in Roberto Rossellini's Stromboli, released after the revelation she was having an affair with Rossellini; that and her pregnancy prior to their marriage created a scandal in the U.S. that prompted her to remain in Europe for several years. During this time she starred in Rossellini's Europa '51 and Journey to Italy (1954), now critically acclaimed, the former of which won her the Volpi Cup for Best Actress. She had a successful return to working for a Hollywood studio in Anastasia (1956), winning her second Academy Award for Best Actress. Soon after, she co-starred with Grant in the romance Indiscreet (1958). In 1969, she starred in the acclaimed and highly successful film Cactus Flower. In later years, Bergman won her third Academy Award, this one for Best Supporting Actress, for her role in Murder on the Orient Express (1974). In 1978, she starred in Ingmar Bergman's (no relation) Swedish Autumn Sonata receiving her sixth Best Actress nomination. Bergman spoke five languages – Swedish, English, German, Italian and French – and acted in each. In her final role, she portrayed the late Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir in the television miniseries A Woman Called Golda (1982) for which she posthumously won her second Emmy Award for Best Actress. In 1974, Bergman discovered she was suffering from breast cancer but continued to work until shortly before her death on her sixty-seventh birthday.